F2F Class Notes (Raph)
Homework
Pick an article from your Fudan University book, read it carefully and then write a paragraph talking about it. Make sure you write down all the words you don’t know and bring them to class to discuss with your teacher.
Vocabulary
Date (n): 1-Â a social meeting planned before it happens, especially one between two people who have or might have a romantic relationship. 2- a person you have a romantic meeting with.
E.g.:Â He asked her out on a date.
E.g.:Â Who’s your date for the party?
Date (v): 1-Â to be in a romantic relationship with someone.
E.g.:Â How long have you been dating? We’ve been dating for eight years.
Blind Date (n): 1-Â a romantic social meeting between two people who have never met each other.
E.g.:Â Elaine arranged for me to go on a blind date with a guy from her office.
Proposal (n): 1-Â a suggestion, sometimes a written one. 2- an offer of marriage
E.g.:Â I’ll send you an email with the details of the proposal.
E.g.:Â He is planning to make the proposal during their trip to Paris.
Propose (v): 1-Â to offer or suggest a possible plan or action for other people to consider.
E.g.: I didn’t know what to do, so I asked the team if anyone could propose a solution.
E.g.: My father proposed to my mother when they went to New York together.
56 of the Most Useful Phrasal Verbs in English
Below are some of the most common phrasal verbs in the English language. We organized them alphabetically so theyâre easy to find, but you can group them however you want when youâre learning them!
Bring
Bring up â To mention something. (Note: The two parts of this phrasal verb can be separated.)
âMark was sick and had to miss the party, so please donât bring it up, I donât want him to feel bad for missing it.â
Bring on â To cause something to happen, usually something negative. (The two parts of this phrasal verb can be separated by whatâs happening.)
âHis lung cancer was brought on by years of smoking.â
Bring it on! â To accept a challenge with confidence.
âYou want to have a race? Bring it on! I can beat you!â
Call
Call on â This can mean either to visit someone, or to use someoneâs or somethingâs knowledge.
To visit someone: âIâll call on you this evening to see how youâre feeling.â
To use someoneâs knowledge: âI may need to call on the universityâs excellent professors in order to answer your question.â
Call off â To cancel something.
âThe picnic was called off because of the rain.â
Cheer
Cheer on â To support someone by giving them words of encouragement. (Can be separated by the name or pronoun of the person/people being cheered on).
âEven though Samantha was in the last place, her brother cheeredher on through the entire race.â
Cheer up â This phrase can either be used as a phrase of encouragement said to someone who seems sad (just saying âcheer up!â to them), or it can mean to try to make someone happier.
âAndrew was having a bad day, so his girlfriend cheered him up by taking him out for ice cream.â
Come
Come up (with something) â To think of an idea.
âI came up with this idea for a TV show about a woman living with her best friend and daughter. I call it âTwo and a Half Women.ââ
Come up â To bring up a topic, or when something happens unexpectedly.
To bring up a topic: âI wanted to tell her that I got a new job but the chance never came up.â
Unexpected occurrence: âI was going to meet my friends for dinner, but something came up so I had to cancel.â
Come in â To enter.
ââCome in, the door is open!â said the grandmother to the wolf.â
Come across â To meet or find by chance.
âI was cleaning the attic and I came across my high school uniform. Can you believe it still fits?â
Come forward â To volunteer information about something, like a crime.
âThe police are encouraging people to come forward with any information about the kidnapped girl.â
Cut
Cut off â This phrase can be used in several ways, but its general meaning is âto interrupt or stop something.â (Can be separated.)
While driving, to get in front of another car suddenly: âThat red car just cut me off and I almost crashed into it.â
To stop supplying things to or communicating with someone: âHis father is rich but he cut him off without any money of his own.â
Cut (it) out â This phrase has the same meaning as saying âStop it.â
âHey, cut it out! I was watching that movie, so stop changing the channel!â
Cut in â To interrupt someone when they are speaking.
âI was about to ask that girl on a date, but her friend cut in and I lost the chance.â
Drop
Drop by/in â To stop by for a visit, for a short time.
âAndrew is such a great boyfriend, when he heard that his girlfriend had a cold he dropped by to bring her some soup.â
Drop off â To leave something or someone in their destination. (Can be separated by the object being dropped off.)
âI can give you a ride and drop you off at work.â
Fall
Fall apart â This phrase means âto break into pieces,â but it can be used to talk about things that are not physical, like a marriage or a person.
âThey tried to save their marriage by going to therapy but in the end if fell apart anyway.â
Fall down â To drop to the ground, usually by accident.
âMy friend slipped on a banana peel and fell down. I thought that only happened in cartoons!â
Fill
Fill (someone) in â To give someone the details about something. (Is usually separated by the person getting filled in).
âQuickly, letâs go! Thereâs no time to explain, Iâll fill you in on the way.â
Fill up â To become completely full.
âThe little girl filled up on candy before dinner, and didnât want to eat any of the chicken.â
Get
Get away â To escape. You may have heard the phrase âgetaway car.â Thatâs the car used by criminals to run away from a crime scene, like a bank robbery.
âCarmenâs neighbor tried to show her pictures of all her cats, but Carmen managed to get away.â
Get around â To solve a problem by avoiding the main issue. This phrase can also be used very informally to refer to someone who has many sexual partners. As you can imagine, itâs not very nice to say that someone âgets aroundâ!
âSome people know all the different ways to get around tax laws.â
Get along (with) â To have a friendly relationship with someone.
âSome people are surprised that I get along with my mother-in-law really well!â
Get up â To stand up, or to wake up.
âI have so much trouble getting up in the morning that I have to set three alarms.â
Get back to â To return to someone or something. This phrase is often used to say that you will return with an answer to a question or a request at a later time.
âDerekâs coworker wasnât sure what time the meeting was, so he said heâd get back to him with the time.â
Get back at â To get revenge on someone.
âHer ex-husband took her house so she got back at him by taking his dogs.â
Give
Give out â This phrase can mean to break down or stop working, or to hand out or distribute something.
To stop working: âThe city had to rebuild the bridge completely, because it was about to give out and fall down.â
To distribute: âHe has a lot of contacts because he gives out his business card to everyone he meets.â
Give in â To surrender, especially in a fight or argument.
âBenâs mother gave in and let him stay out late with his friends.â
Give away â To hand things out for free. (Can be separated by the item being given away.)
âWhen Lindaâs cat had kittens, she gave them all away to good homes.â
Give up â To stop trying, surrender.
âAfter two weeks of trying to build my own table, I gave up and just bought one.â
Go
Go out (with) â To go on a date with someone.
âSarah was so happy when Peter finally asked her to go out with him!â
Go ahead â To go in front of someone, or to give permission to do or say something.
âGo ahead, explain to me why there is a car on my roof.â
Grow
Grow up â To grow up, sometimes used to tell someone to stop acting childish.
âSome people tell Steve he needs to grow up, but he loves acting like a child.â
Grow apart â To get distant from someone, like a friend.
âWhen my friend moved to a different country I tried to stay close with her, but we slowly grew apart.â
Hang
Hang on â To keep something.
âWhen everyone else was getting fired, Paul managed to hang on to his job.â
Hang out â To spend time with someone, casually.
âMy friends and I used to hang out in the park after school.â
Hang up â To end a call on the phone, especially if itâs before the other person is ready.
âI was in the middle of a sentence, and he hung up on me! How rude.â
Hold
Hold on â To hold something tightly. This phrase can also be a way of asking someone to wait for a moment.
âYouâd better hold on to your hat, itâs windy out there!â
Hold back â To stop yourself from doing or saying something.
âAmy has a great voice but whenever sheâs singing in public she feels shy and holds back.â
Log
Log in (to) â Used with computers, this phrase means to sign into your account on a website or computer.
âDonât forget to log in to your FluentU account to learn English better and faster.â
Log out/off â Also used with computers, this phrase means to sign out of your account.
âYou should always log out of your accounts when you use a public computer.â
Look
Look up â To check the meaning of something. (Can be separated by the item being looked up).
âIf you donât know the meaning of a word, you should look it up in the dictionary.â
Look out â To watch out for something.
âLook out, thereâs a baseball coming your way!â
Pay
Pay back â To give someone back money that you owe them. (Can be separated by the person getting paid back.) When itâs written as one word, âpaybackâ means revenge.
âThanks for getting me lunch when I forgot my wallet at home! Iâll payyou back tomorrow.â
Pay for â This phrase can either mean to give someone money for a particular purpose (like paying for a new car), or to suffer because of something you did.
âHeâll pay for all the problems he caused me by being late today!â
Put
Put out â This phrase can mean to extinguish a fire, or to irritate someone by asking them for a favor. (In the case of annoying someone, can be separated by the person getting annoyed.) Be aware that in very informal slang, this phrase has a more offensive meaning.
To extinguish a fire: âThe firefighters managed to put out the fire before it spread to other houses.â
To irritate someone: âIâd ask you to make me dinner but I donât want to put you out.â
Put on â To get your clothes or makeup on.
âEvery morning she puts on her dress, lipstick, shoes and hatâin that order.â
Take
Take off â This phrase can mean to remove clothing, or to leave for a journey (i.e. planes take off when they begin their flights).
âShe was very happy when she finally got home and took off her shoes. They had been hurting her feet all day!â
Take out â To remove something, like from a pocket or a bag. This phrase can also mean to take someone on a date. (Can be separated by the item or person being taken out.) The phrase can also mean to remove someone, as in by killing themâbut this is probably not something you would need to use in everyday conversation!
To remove something: âThe children sat at their desks and took outtheir pens and paper.â
To take someone on a date: âHe took her out to the most expensive restaurant in the city.â
Turn
Turn on/off â To switch a machine or light on or off.
âTurn off the light, Iâm trying to sleep!â
Turn around â To move so that youâre facing the opposite direction.
âSally was about to get on the plane, but she turned around when someone called her name.â
Turn up â When someone that was lost is found unexpectedly.
âAnything I lose usually turns up under the couch. Itâs my catâs favorite hiding place.â
Warm
Warm up (to) â To start liking someone or something more as you spend more time with them, especially if you didnât really like them in the beginning.
âThe new puppy was scared of my husband when we first got him, but he warmed up to him pretty quickly.â
Work
Work out â To exercise.
âI try to work out every morning, by repeatedly lifting a heavy donut to my mouth.â
Work (something) out â To come up with a solution or a compromise with someone.
âDonât worry, Iâm sure we can work something out so that everyone is happy.â
How many of these phrasal verbs did you already know? English phrasal verbs are everywhere! Donât be afraid of how many there areâjust start with a few at a time and soon youâll be an expert.
Grammar
I want my meaning to become easy to talk. – I want to be able to explain what I mean easily / clearly.Â
Grammar
Noun = a name of a person, a thing, an animal, a place, etc.
E.g.: cup, computer, table, Shanghai, Emma, flower, umbrella, etc.
Pronoun = a word we use instead of a noun.
E.g.: I, you, he, she, it, we, they, my, mine, their, his, her, hers, yours, our, etc.
Verb = an action = anything you do.
E.g.: to do, to be, to play, to run, to go, to make, to help, to study, to speak, etc.
Adjective = a word that describes a noun or a pronoun.
E.g.: small, smart, big, beautiful, ugly, stupid, great, good, nice, terrible, hot, cold, sunny, etc.
Adverb = a word that describes a verb, adjective or another adverb and answers one of the following questions:
- How:Â easily, happily, loudly, quickly, well, slowly, sadly, etc..
- How often:Â never, always, every day, Â frequently, seldom, often, sometimes..
- When:Â now, after, before, early, yesterday, today, soon, since, etc..
- Where:Â here, there, home, inside, near, outside, away, everywhere, etc..
Irregular Adverbs
Adjective | Adverb |
good | well |
fast | fast |
hard | hard |
late | late |
early | early |
daily | daily |
straight | straight |
wrong | wrong, wrongly |
Pronunciation
Paranoid:Â /Ëper.É.nÉÉŞd/
Main:Â /meÉŞn/
Proposal:Â /prÉËpoĘ.zÉl/
Juice:Â /dĘuËs/
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