2xOnline Class Notes (Mike)

写一次去医院的经历。大概如下：时间，我xxx感到不舒服，去医院，和医生交流，最后的结果。

How tall are you? Do you tower over your friends and family – or are they people you literally have to look up to? Obviously, we’re not all the same, and size doesn’t really matter. But did you know that there’s a possibility that we’re all getting taller?

Of course, our height is out of our control – it’s a biological fact, influenced partly by genetics. The idea that being taller gives you more power and authority might be a tall story, but according to David Robson, writing for BBC Future, “on the basis of first impressions alone, taller people may have the edge.” He adds that despite some slight risks to your health, various studies have found that the greater your height, the higher you score on measures of happiness and enjoyment of life.

If this makes you want to become loftier, it’s good to know that all of us are taller than we were 150 years ago – by as much as ten centimetres. Scientists have known for a long time that humans with good diets and reliable access to food tend to grow taller and mature more quickly. Adult height in some countries has rocketed as they transformed into a developed society.

In a recent study, scientists have discovered a brain receptor, called MC3R, linked to our growing process. It’s thought to be the crucial link between food and sex development and growth. Professor Sir Stephen O’Rahilly from Cambridge University told the BBC: “It tells the body we’re great here, we’ve got lots of food, so grow quickly, have puberty soon and make lots of babies.” This discovery could lead to drugs to improve muscle mass and treat delayed growth, UK researchers say.

For those aspiring to be taller, we need to look at the Dutch, who stand head and shoulders above the rest of us as the tallest people in the world. But there is a ceiling for height, and it’s reached when people achieve their genetic potential. But, of course lanky people have to stoop through doorways and struggle to fit in cars and can have joint and cardiovascular problems, so maybe we should be careful for what we wish for.

词汇表

tower over 比…高
look up to someone 仰望（某人），敬仰某人
height 身高
biological 生理的
genetics 遗传
tall story 无稽之谈
the edge 优势
lofty 高的
mature 发育成熟的
rocket 迅速增长
brain receptor 脑受体
growing 生长的
puberty 青春期
muscle mass 肌肉量
head and shoulders above 比…高出一大截，远远高于
ceiling 上限
lanky 瘦高的
stoop 弯腰

1. 阅读课文并回答问题。

1. How is height thought to relate to happiness?

2. Up to how much taller have people grown in the last 150 years?

3. True or false? Humans with reliable access to food tend to grow taller.

4. What has the brain receptor called MC3R been found to do?

5. Which people tend to be tallest in the world?

2. 选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。

1. The footballer is a role model that other players _______.

look down to              look in to                    look up to                  look up from

2. Mind your head. You need to _______ to get through this small door.

lanky                          stoop                          mature                      ceiling

3. Because of the bad winter, prices of vegetables have _______.

rocketed                     rocketing                    rockets                      rocketted

4. The house feels very spacious with _______ ceilings.

mature                        height                         lofty                           lanky

5. The big mountain _______ the town, blocking the Sun in the afternoons.

tower over                   towers over                towering over            towers under

Most of us want to be in peak physical condition, get in shape and be healthy. While some gym bunnies are more obsessed with looking ripped, for many of us nutrition and watching what you eat is a vital way to stay healthy. But when it comes to food, what is calorie counting, and what are the positives and negatives of it?

what I said is wrong. 我说的话是错的
what goes down their gullets. 他们塞进肚子里的东西

我们大部分人想要达到最佳的身体机能状态，身材健康有形。一些健身达人对看起来具有肌肉线条的着谜，对于我们大部分人来说，营养和注意你吃什么是一种保持健康的至关重要的方式。但是论及食物时，什么是卡路里计数，这个卡路里计数的利弊是什么？

A law in the UK came into force in April 2022 that requires large businesses such as restaurants, takeaways, and cafes to display the calorie information of non-pre-packed food and soft drinks on their menus. It’s a strategy aimed to tackle obesity and give people a more informed choice of what goes down their gullets. According to the NHS (National Health Service), generally, the recommended daily intake of calories for male adults is 2,500 per day, while female adults should consume 2,000 to maintain their weight levels. For those of us who wish to drop a few pounds, experts advise us to consume fewer ·calories than the recommended daily number, eat a balanced diet, and increase our levels of physical activity. Being able to count calories and know how much we can eat is a great way to try and stay on track with our diet.

track (n) 轨迹，轨道

在2022年4月一条英国法律生效了，要求大企业比如餐厅，外卖，咖啡馆在他们的菜单上显示非预包装食物和软银的卡路里信息。这是一个解决过度肥胖和给人们一个沿着他们食道更多信息的选择的策略目标。根据国家健康服务，一般来说，对于成年男性推荐每日摄入2500卡路里，成年女性应该消耗2000来保持他们的体重等级。对于我们这些希望减掉几磅的人，专家建议我们摄入比每日推荐数量更少的卡路里，平衡饮食，增加我们身体活动的等级。会计算卡路里，知道我们吃多少，是一个很好的尝试控制饮食的方式。

However, there are some sceptics when it comes to calorie counting. 200 calories of fresh fruit and 200 calories of junk food, for example cookies, have the same caloric value. However, there is a question of the health benefits of what you’re consuming, regardless of calories. While fresh fruit like apples contains things like vitamin C, junk food could contain an unhealthy level of sugar and fats.
Likewise, fruit may fill you up and leave you not craving more food for longer than a biscuit with equal calories.

相比于含有同样卡路里的饼干，水果更能让你饱肚子，同时在更长的时间内没有进食的渴望。
– meaning, overall, you eat less.

Simply counting calories, while useful for weight loss, doesn’t take into account your intake of good fats, carbohydrates, and proteins – things that your body needs.
仅仅只计算卡路里，虽然对减重有好处，但是没有把好的脂肪，碳水和蛋白质算进去，而这些东西都是你的身体需要的。

So, if you’re trying to stick to a low-carb diet, just looking at numbers of calories on a menu won’t be that useful. So, always be mindful that what you’re eating is part of a healthy balanced diet.

然而，一些人对卡路里计数持怀疑态度。新鲜的水果有200卡路里并且垃圾食物也是200卡路里，列如曲奇，有一样的卡路里值。然而，一个健康方面的问题是你摄入的好处，而不是卡路里。新鲜的水果像苹果包含维他命C,垃圾食物可能包含不健康的糖含量和脂肪含量。

同样的卡路里你比饼干更长时间不渴望更多的食物 —也就是说，总的来说，你吃的更少。简单的计算卡路里，对体重减少是有用的，不计入你身体需要的你摄入的好的脂肪，碳水化合物，蛋白质。因此，如果你尝试坚持低碳水化合物饮食，仅仅看菜单卡路里数量是无用的 。时刻谨记/牢记，你吃的食物是一个健康平衡饮食的一部分。

Coding included in curricula

编程成为课程的一部分

China plans to include computer coding in curricula for primary and middle school students to help them learn about information technology and develop digital learning and innovation skills, the Ministry of Education said.

During its ongoing curriculum revision launched early last year for compulsory education – first to ninth grade – the ministry made a preliminary decision to include coding in information technology courses, it said in a statement posted on its website.

The ministry said that it has issued guidelines to promote and regulate coding education, adding that it has asked local education authorities to make early plans to train IT teachers to be adept in coding.

教育部声明，中国计划将编程纳入中小学生课程，以帮助他们学习信息计术和发展数字化学习，以及创新技能。

声明在网站上贴出，早在去年启动一到九年级义务教育课程修订—教育部做了一个初步的决定编程成为信息技术课程的一部分。

教育部发布指导方针提倡和调整编程教育，增加要求当地教育部门提前计划培养信息技术教师能熟练的编程。

Vocabulary

came into force 生效
force
(n) 力，
(v) 逼迫，强迫

soft drinks (n) 软饮料，不含酒精的饮品

per (adj.) 每

gain/lose weight: 增重/减重

take sth into account = take into account sth  考虑，把….纳入考量的范围，把… 算进去

principal (n) 校长
principle (n) 原则

realize (v) 实现，意识到/发现
My dream realized.
I realized he was lying.

real (adj.) 真的

back: at the back of 在… 的后面/后方

looking over the shoulder: 从肩膀的角度看过来
shoulder (n) 肩膀

audience (n) 观众

wave
(v) 挥舞，招
wave my hands
wave at sb: 对…招手
(n) 波浪，水浪

embarrassed (adj.) 尴尬的，难堪的

several (adj.) 若干

demonstrate (v) 展示，演示，说明，论证；游行示威，抗议
demonstration (n) 展示/演示
demo class 试课
demonstrator (n) 抗议者，游行示威者

insurance (n) 保险

garden (n) 花园
garage (n) 车库

according to 根据
According to the education ministry,

emotion (n) 情感
emotional (adj.) 情绪起伏大的，表现出强烈的情感的，容易情绪激动的

permanent (adj.) 永久的

be excited about 对… 感到激动

relative (n) 亲戚

perhaps (adv.) 也许

until then 在那之前