VIP Class Notes (Maddie)

read the lyrics of California Dreamin 10 times a day; pay attention to the connected speech

California Dreamin
1 All the leaves are brown 1
2 and the sky is grey
3 I’ve been for a walk
4 on a winter’s day
5 I’d be safe and warm 2
6 if I was in L.A
7 California Dreamin’
8 on such a winter’s day
9 Stopped into a church 3
10 I passed along the way
11 Well, I got down on my knees
12 and I pretend to pray
13 You know the preacher likes the cold 4
14 He knows I’m gonna stay
15 California Dreamin’
16 on such a winter’s day
17 All the leaves are brown (1)
18 and the sky is grey
19 I’ve been for a walk
20 on a winter’s day
21 If I didn’t tell her 5
22 I could leave today
23 California Dreamin’
24 on such a winter’s day

connected speech

1. Catenation, or Linking: 前一个单词结尾是辅音，后一个单词开头是元音
   I want this orange –> thisorange

   I want that orange –> thadorange

   This afternoon –> thisafternoon

   Is he busy? –> Isi busy?

   Cats or dogs? –> Catserdogs?

2. intrusion: 前一个单词结尾是元音，后一个单词开头也是元音，在中间插入 /j/ （结尾元音为i）or /w/  （结尾元音为u）
   He asked –> Heyasked

   She answered –? Sheyanswered

   Do it –> Dewit

   Go out –> Gowout

3. Elision means when a sound disappears.  This often happens with a /t/ or /d/ sound.

   Next door –> Nexdoor

   Dad take –> Datake

   Most common –> Moscommon

4. Assimilation means two sounds blend together, forming a new sound altogether. This often happens with /t/ and /j/ which make /ʧ/ and with /d/ and /j/ which make /ʤ /.
   Don’t you — donʧu.
   e.g. you want to go to the party, don’t you?
   haven’t you
   e.g. you’ve been to beijing, haven’t you?

   Won’t you — wonʧu

   note: rising tone ==> not sure; falling tone ==> almost certain

   Meet you — meeʧu

   Did you — diʤu

   Would you — wuʤu