2 Online Class Notes (Ally)

1. learn format of IELTS – teach me next class
2. transition words – one word, one example
3. finish the writing essays (time yourself)
4. outlines (R1R2) for 10 writing topics

Vocabulary

maximize: zui da hua

last name/family name/surname： 姓

first name/given name： 名

subsidy: bu tie

shorthand: Jian xie

abbreviation: suo xie
ie. Inc.

commute: (v) tong qin
ie. I need to commute 40 min to Jingan everyday.

aspect: angle, area

elite: jing ying  1%

elitist: 精英主义

addicted: Shang yin

enclose: circle up

commercial capital/economic center

cuisine: cai xi

anime action figures: 动漫模型

I like everything about China. I like the people, culture, long history, food. When I talk about food, for countries, they only have one or a few kinds of cuisine. But there are many types of food in China, and they’re all totally different. For example, dumplings and noodles are my favorite food. Even though I’m from the south, I really like Northern Chinese food. / Not the Northern China kind, which is very different from the dumplings and noodles here in the local restaurants of SH.

What kind of housing do you live in?
I live in an apartment with my family/As I’m still in school, I live in my parent’s apt. It’s a rather old apartment, it was built 20 years ago. However, it does have a swimming pool, which is surprising for an old apt. The swimming pool in the building is old and I think it needs to be fixed.

I’m a student so I need to do my hawk on weekdays. But if I have the rest time, I have time to play games or chat online or do things I love. All of these things I do in my own room.

With my parents and my grandmothers. We have two flats in this area ten years ago, but my grandpa passed away, my grandma moved in with us. Sometimes she can be annoying, but the food she cooks is really delicious and I’m really happy I can live with my grandma/keep my grandma company.

I ‘ve been living there for 10 years or maybe longer. So I’ve been living there since I was really young.

Yes, because I really like that place and I like the feeling of my neighborhood. The neighbors are kind and love to help each other.

My room is painted light blue and I have a lot of models in my room.

Ofc it’s my own room. It’s comfortable to live in my own room alone. I like wearing my headphone and chat with my friends on the computer.

Conclusion:

It is no easy task to identify the reasons for this phenomenon which involves several complicated factors. Certainly, … is not the sole reason … .. is also responsible for change/problem.

Therefore, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that..

Recognizing these factors, it becomes evident that/ it leads me to believe..

These evidence supports/confirms/leads us to the conclusion that..

Based on…

To sum up…

Ultimately…

In a nutshell/conclusion …

To make writing cohesive/ “flow”: old -> new information, use some words/IDEAS from the sentences before

1. Repeating key words
2. Using synonyms
3. Changing the part of speech
4. Using pronouns
5. This/these +summary phrase
6. Using transition words (Baidu + how to use them)

Repeating key words:

1. In the past years, as many as 65 different classification systems have been developed to define leaderships. One such classification system is …
2. (Last P is about environment) In addition to being more environmental-friendly, smart cars are also easier, more convenient, and cheaper than private cars.

Using synonyms/specific examples for the whole idea:
1. The interrelation of the currents and voltages between all electrodes is hard to define. These relationships …..
2. Public transportations have a lot of advantages. Buses, trains, subways…
3. The rapid development of technology has had a defining influence on people’s lives. These new scientific breakthroughs/internet sensations/Our modern lifestyle/Our current way of life …

Changing part of speech: (usually SVO -> noun)
1. She graduated from Peking University in 1994. After her graduation ….
2. Since the 20th century, scientific technology has been rapidly developing. Since these developments/Thanks/due to these developments…/ ….. caused by these developments/ These new technology breakthroughs are not without their price.
3. Today people can choose to take buses, trains or subways. These new transportation options make our lives easier.

Using pronouns: It/This/This advantage /This idea
1. Since the 20th century, scientific technology has been rapidly developing. It is unfortunately not without its price.

This/these+summary phrase: (when you have a concept in the last sentence, and you want to emphasize)
1. Since the 20th century, scientific technology has been rapidly developing. This rapid development has had a huge influence on our lives.
2. This is case….
3. In this case/way…
4. From this aspect…

Introduction:

如今， 人们越来越意识到A的必要性
Nowadays, people have more awareness of the significance of A.
More people are becoming aware of the significance/importance of A.
Now there is a growing awareness/recognition of the significance/necessity of A.

在过去的10年里，A发生了巨大的变化
Since the past ten years, there has been a dramatic change in A.
In the past ten years/decade/century, dramatic changes have taken place in/to A.

最近，我们展开了一场热烈的讨论，是关于是否有必要A
Recently/in recent years, there is a intense/heated debate/discussion about whether it is necessary to A../A is necessary.

我的想法是。。
There is a public debate/controversy/discussion on the issue of A. In my opinion/personally, I believe

如今，人们普遍认为A但是我怀疑。。
It is a stereotypical thinking that A, but I doubt/think…/in reality…
Nowadays, it is commonly/widely/generally believed/thought/held that… but in my opinion…

可以进一步证实
A may be further supported the fact that B…

为什么A很重要？
However, why is A important/indispensable/necessary?

人们应该增加对A的重视，因为。。
It is necessary to pay greater attention to A because

除此之外，另外一些方法

Besides/in addition/Apart from this, other ways/another way/aspect/function/method
A is but one of many effects, another is..
Another equally important aspect is…
Closely connected with/related to/associated with this factor is …

In spite of/despite all the difficulty…

For years, A have been viewed as … but people are taking a fresh look now.
Some people claim/argue that.. but more often than not/actually/when actually the opposite/reverse is true.

writing tips:

• switch up your language. ie. go out-> leave home
• in a later sentence, use specific examples to represent the whole idea
• conclusion : can mention the other side -> dismiss it (phrase?), summarize ideas, look to the future

Q: Will you use public transport more in the future?
I will use the public transport more in the future.
Such as the subway bus or others.
They are part of the future It release less pollution than private car and decrease the greenhouse effect.
Sometimes the public transport is much more easier than private car.
The subways in Shanghai almost can go most of the famous scenic spots and it’s faster and more convenient.

TOpic： yes use more
R1: release less pollution and decrease greenhouse effect.
– more people can share rides/carpool – share power banks / office space, why not cars?
– big SUVs vs taking buses

R2: Public transport is easier / more convenient/ cheaper
– saves time in big cities like SH
– cheaper; gas; govt subsidies

Public transportation is playing a more important role in people’s lives. Before the public transportation systems became so advanced, people can only go out using their private cars. Today/After recent city-planning developments, people have more options when they want to leave their home. Subways, express trains, and buses are the most popular travel and commute options. Like most people, I will also use public transportation more in the future because they more environmental-friendly as well as more convenient.

It is common knowledge that/The first advantage of using public transportation is that it releases less pollution, like carbon gas.

In addition to being more environmental-friendly, smart cars are also easier, more convenient, and cheaper than private cars.

Although private cars are ofc more comfortable, it seems like comfort is its only advantage and the disadvantages are countless. The gas is expensive, the pollution is severe, and our travel time is longer and more unpredictable. In the future, as cities develop even more and public transportation becomes even more advanced, people will choose to travel using public transportation a lot more.

for intros,

• old – new ( Before the public transportation systems became so advanced, people can only go out using their private cars. Today/After recent city-planning developments
• big – small ( In today’s society, there are many ways of traveling to choose from. From public rides to private cars, people have a wide range of options when they …)

Q: Why do you think some people like to wear expensive watches?
The expensive watch is a symbol of power and wealth.
Some people think that the old watch can preserve value,t hey can sell it for a higher price in the future.
Maybe some people are rich enough but they don’t know what things they need to buy then they will buy the luxury goods such as watches necklace or others.

Topic: R12

R1: symbol of power and wealth
– unbelievably expensive; 3 million – you can’t do that with anything else (men)
– women have diamonds
– super car clubs – socialize with other elite people

R2: rise in value.
– rolex ; limited edition; limited stock
– inflation; way to store your money
– they resell their watch; secondary market

R3: market value;
– need something to buy
– big companies need to make money from the rich people
– they need to separate themselves from the mass public.

Q: Did you use social media more in the past?
I used to use phone call in the past.
Social media is becoming popular in the last few years. Such as QQ wechat in the China or twitter facebook r others in the world.
Social media can shorten the distance between people,I am shy in the real world but I am confidence in the network ,because the friends online don’t care who am I in the real world, I can have a free chat comfortable.

Q: How often do you check the weather forecast?
Has the weather changed much in recent years in your country?
Do you generally prefer hot weather or cold weather?
Would you like to live in a place that has a very different climate from your country

Almost every morning.
Yes, because the gas pollution, the weather around the world is changeable ,I think maybe we should take action to protect the world environment.
I prefer the cold weather,because I like the atmosphere that full of snow and frost,and all the things I see is white,I am really enjoy this feeling.
No I don’t like this because I thinkit’s really make me feel bad and I cant endure the hot weather.