F2F Class Notes (Tanya)
Vocabulary
to convey –
- to express a though, feeling, or idea so that it is understood by other people
e.g. If you’re always on your phone when you’re talking to me, you won’t really convey to me that you think I’m important to you.
2. to take or carry someone or something to a particular place
emphasise – 强调
empathy – 同情心
toxic – poisonous 毒
e.g. If you drink something that is toxic or poisonous, you might die. It’s very dangerous.
potion – something witches 女巫 use
comedian – somebody who entertains people by making them laugh (professionally)
e.g. Comedians
for a living – as his job
Grammar
As, because or since?
As, because and since are conjunctions. As, because and since all introduce subordinate clauses. They connect the result of something with its reason.
|
result |
reason |
|
|
|
|
(Bilardo was the coach of the Argentinian football team) |
|
Because
Because is more common than as and since, both in writing and speaking. When we use because, we are focusing on the reason:
She spoke quietly because she didn’t want Catherine to hear.
We’ll come over on Sunday because David’s got to work on Saturday.
We often put the because-clause at the beginning of a sentence, especially when we want to give extra focus to the reason. We use a comma after the because-clause:
Because breathing is something we do automatically, we rarely think about it.
We can use a because-clause on its own without the main clause in speaking or informal writing:
A:Would you like to go to school there?
B:Yes.
A:Why?
B:Because my best friend goes there. (I would like to go to school there because my best friend goes there.)
We don’t use a because-clause on its own in formal writing:
In 1998, the government introduced a new import tax because people were importing cars from abroad.
Not: …
a new import tax. Because people were importing cars from abroad.
Cos
We often shorten because to cos /kəz/ or /kɒz/ in informal speaking and writing:
I’m laughing cos I’m so happy.
As and since
We often use as and since when we want to focus more on the result than the reason. As and since are more formal than because. We usually put a comma before since after the main clause:
[result]I hope they’ve decided to come as [reason]I wanted to hear about their India trip.
[result]They’re rather expensive, since [reason]they’re quite hard to find.
We often use as and since clauses at the beginning of the sentence. We use a comma after the as- or since- clause:
Since everything can be done from home with computers and telephones, there’s no need to dress up for work any more.
As everyone already knows each other, there’s no need for introductions. We’ll get straight into the business of the meeting.
We use because, not as or since, in questions where the speaker proposes a reason:
Are you feeling unwell because you ate too much?
Not:
Are you feeling unwell since you ate too much?or …as you ate too much?
Homework
Write about how to play romance of three kingdoms.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5HbYScltf1c
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5HbYScltf1c
Comments are closed.