Online Class Notes (Jesse) [W]

Vocabulary

fish and chips – a common meal in Australia to eat at the beach

hallway / hall / corridor – the long room you walk down, between rooms which connects rooms
eg. Jenny had class in the hall

nutritious / nutrition
eg. fish is more nutritious than chicken / nutrition is really important for overall health

prolong life / extend life

blood transfusion – to get more blood through a IV

palliative care – a type of care for people at the end stage of treatment (before death)
eg. my grandpa entered palliative care for 3 days

in and out of consciousness
eg. during the final moments of his life he was in and out of consciousness

sedate (v) / sedation (n)
eg. we sedate patients before surgery

bossy – sb who loves to tell people what to do
eg. my student leader is really bossy

Grammar

they blame to you – they blame you 

2010作文：

现代医药学认为，药物大多能产生两种效应，即生理作用和心理作用。药物通过其药理作用来达到治病的目的，此为生理作用；药物使病人在心理上产生良好的感觉，加速病人的康复，此为心理效应。药物心理学是建立在药物心理效应基础之上的一门新兴边缘学科。它揭示了安慰剂止痛和心理安慰的奥秘。与服药关系最为密切的是药物的信誉。有研究表明，虔诚的信念和愉快的心情能影响人体的生理机能，增加肾上腺皮质激素的分泌，而适量的肾上腺素能经受200~400倍致死量的细菌内毒素。此外，药物心理学对某些人群（特别是神经质，意志薄弱，心理缺陷和易受暗示的人）的作用尤为明显。安慰剂通过心理暗示作用刺激大脑产生内源性脑啡肽，其结构类似天然吗啡，作用于疼痛部位，从而有效地减轻疼痛。因此，我们要充分重视药物心理学这门新兴学科，从而使药物治疗达到最佳疗效。

Modern pharmacology believes that drugs have 2 mechanisms of effect with the first being a physiological effect, and the other being a psychological one. The physiological effect is that drugs cure patients by pharmacological action. The psychological effect is the way in which a drug’s effectiveness is improved as a result of the patient feeling more positively after taking the drug which in turn accellerates the healing process.  Pharmacopsychology is a new marginal subject based on a combination of pharmacology and psychology. It reveals how placebos are able to both relieve pain, and lead to emotional comfort. A drug’s prestige has the biggest impact on pharmacopsychology as pious belief and positive mood can affect the body’s physiological function and increase the secretion of adrenaline. There is a study which suggests that a certain amount of adrenaline can assist in combating 200-400 times more deadly bacteria endotoxin.  Furthermore, the pharmacopsychological effect is more obvious in certain people such as those that are particularly nervous, weak minded, mentally deficient, or people who are highly suggestable. Placebos stimulate our brain to produce more endogenous enkephalin which is similar in chemical structure to natural morphene, and can act on a specific location to relieve pain. Therefore, we must pay attention to this emerging subject to achieve the best results.

现代医药学认为，药物大多能产生两种效应，即生理作用和心理作用。药物通过其药理作用来达到治病的目的，此为生理作用；药物使病人在心理上产生良好的感觉，加速病人的康复，此为心理效应。

Modern pharmacology believes that drugs have 2 mechanisms of effect with the first being a physiological effect, and the other being a psychological one. The physiological effect is that drugs cure patients by pharmacological action. The psychological effect is the way in which a drugs effectiveness is improved as a result of the patient feeling more positively after taking the drug which in turn accellerates the healing process.

药物心理学是建立在药物心理效应基础之上的一门新兴边缘学科。它揭示了安慰剂止痛和心理安慰的奥秘。

Pharmacopsychology is a new marginal subject based on a combination of pharmacology and psychology. It reveals how placebos are able to both relieve pain, and lead to emotional comfort.

与服药关系最为密切的是药物的信誉。有研究表明，虔诚的信念和愉快的心情能影响人体的生理机能，增加肾上腺皮质激素的分泌，而适量的肾上腺素能经受200~400倍致死量的细菌内毒素。

A drug’s prestige has the biggest impact on pharmacopsychology as pious belief and positive mood can affect the body’s physiological function and increase the secretion of adrenaline. There is a study which suggests that a certain amount of adrenaline can assist in combating 200-400 times more deadly bacteria endotoxin.

此外，药物心理学对某些人群（特别是神经质，意志薄弱，心理缺陷和易受暗示的人）的作用尤为明显。安慰剂通过心理暗示作用刺激大脑产生内源性脑啡肽，其结构类似天然吗啡，作用于疼痛部位，从而有效地减轻疼痛。

Furthermore, the pharmacopsychological effect is more obvious in certain people such as those that are particularly nervous, weak minded, mentally deficient, or people who are highly suggestable. Placebos stimulate our brain to produce more endogenous enkephalin which is similar in chemical structure to natural morphene, and can act on a specific location to relieve pain.

因此，我们要充分重视药物心理学这门新兴学科，从而使药物治疗达到最佳疗效。

Therefore, we must pay attention to this emerging subject to achieve the best results.