F2F Class Notes (Raph)

Vocabulary

Blind date (n): 1- a romantic social meeting between two people who have never met each other.
E.g.: Elaine arranged for me to go on a blind date with a guy from her office.

Dairy (n): 1-  foods that are made from milk, such as cream, butter, and cheese:
E.g.: He owns a huge dairy farm in California.
E.g.: I was advised not to eat too much dairy.

Grammar

WHICH vs. THAT

If the sentence doesn’t need the clause that the word in question is connecting, use which. If it does, use that. (Pretty easy to remember, isn’t it?) Let me explain with a couple of examples.

Our office, which has two lunchrooms, is located in Cincinnati.
Our office that has two lunchrooms is located in Cincinnati.

These sentences are not the same. The first sentence tells us that you have just one office, and it’s located in Cincinnati. The clause which has two lunchrooms gives us additional information, but it doesn’t change the meaning of the sentence. Remove the clause and the location of our one office would still be clear: Our office is located in Cincinnati.

The second sentence suggests that we have multiple offices, but the office with two lunchrooms is located in Cincinnati. The phrase that has two lunchrooms is known as a restrictive clause because another part of the sentence (our office) depends on it. You can’t remove that clause without changing the meaning of the sentence.

Let’s look at another example:

The time machine, which looked like a telephone booth, concerned Bill and Ted.
The time machine that looked like a telephone booth concerned Bill and Ted.

In the first sentence (thanks to the use of which), the time machine concerned Bill and Ted. It also happened to look like a telephone booth. In the second sentence (which uses the restrictive clause), Bill and Ted are concerned with the time machine that looks like a telephone booth. They aren’t concerned with the one that looks like a garden shed or the one that looks like an old car.


I went Shanghai last year. I came to Shanghai last year

I came to because I need to work. – I came here because of work. /  I came here for work.

I usually went to gym two times a week. – I usually go to the gym twice a week.

I will come back to Korea next Thursday. – I will go to Korea next Thursday.

I haven’t boyfriend been a while. – I haven’t had a boyfriend for a while.

How long live Shanghai.  How long have you been living in Shanghai.

Pronunciation

Vision: /ˈvɪʒ.ən/

Plural: /ˈplʊr.əl/

App: /æp/

Certificate: /sɚˈtɪf.ə.kət/