F2F Class Notes (Nemo) [R]

Vocabulary

literally (adv): 1- using the real or original meaning of a word or phrase:
E.g.: They were responsible for literally millions of deaths.
E.g.: We live literally just round the corner from her.
2-If you translate literally, you translate each word in a text separately, without looking at how the words are used together in a phrase or sentence:
E.g.: Translations that are done too literally often don’t flow well or don’t sound natural.

cleric (n): 1-a religious leader:
E.g.: a Buddhist/Catholic/Muslim cleric

clerical (adj): 1-relating to work done in an office:
E.g.: a clerical job (= a job performing general office duties).
E.g.: a clerical error (= a mistake made in the office)
2-relating to a priest or priests:
E.g.: clerical ministry

crew (n): 1-a group of people who work together, especially all those who work on and operate a ship, aircraft, etc.:
E.g.: an ambulance/lifeboat crew
E.g.: a TV/film/camera crew
E.g.: The aircraft has/carries a crew of seven.

crew (v): 1-If you crew a boat, or crew for someone on their boat, you help to sail it.

urinate (v): 1-to pass urine from the body

urine (n): 1-the yellowish liquid waste that is released from the body when you urinate

defecate (v): 1-to pass the contents of the bowels out of the body

bowel movement (n): 1-(used especially by doctors and nurses) the act of emptying the contents of the bowels, or the material that is emptied
E.g.: I asked him about his bowel function and he said that he was never constipated, had “a daily bowel movement without a lot of straining.”

glamorous (adj): 1-attractive in an exciting and special way:
E.g.: a glamorous woman/outfit
E.g.: a glamorous job
E.g.: She was looking very glamorous.

trekking (n): 1- the activity of walking long distances on foot for pleasure:
E.g.: We want to go trekking in the Himalayas.

Pronunciation

urinate-/ˈjʊr.ɪ.neɪt/
defecate-/ˈdef.ə.keɪt/

Fashion designers and clothing experts are wandering how a new suit might change their industry. The suit is a little out of this world – literally. It is a spacesuit that has its own built-in toilet. The high-tech garb has been designed by NASA engineers to help astronauts deal with the call of nature in emergency situations in space. The new suits are called the Orion Crew Survival Systems Suits (OCSSS). They will be worn by astronauts on NASA’s next-generation spacecraft, Orion, which will venture a lot farther away from Earth than previous space missions have gone. The spacecraft will not be advanced enough to reach Mars, but will be able to carry humans around the moon and back.

The OCSSS spacesuits will allow astronauts to survive for six days in emergency situations. The suit is fitted with a revolutionary waste disposal system that will allow astronauts to do things like urinate and defecate without taking it off. Astronauts will also be able to eat in the suit. NASA astronaut Rick Mastracchio explained how important and how much of a life-saver the OCSSS space suit will be. He said: “Spaceflight is not always glamorous. People need to go the bathroom, even in a spacecraft. How is this waste treated such that it does not harm the astronaut or even kill them?” The suit’s technology could be used in hospitals and in the camping and trekking industries in the future.