F2F Class Notes (Li)

Today we focused on:

Past perfect + past perfect continuous

Vocabulary

function: the use/purpose 功能,用途

eg. What is the function of this camera?

eg. Is this even a useful function? I don’t know how this works.

the function/usage is the same

once/twice/three times/four times

plating: 摆盘

eg. The waiter had been plating before the restaurant opened tonight.

Grammar

past perfect – ‘the past the in the past’/completed actions/time not specific

 had + past participle (third tense: been/eaten/played/gone/bought)

ex. When Jane arrived at the party, Alex had left.  

ex. I had stayed here for 10 days before I travelled to Korea.

ex. When I arrived, he had cooked.   

*Keywords: when/by the time/after 

ex. By the time she had finished her homework, the teacher already went home.

ex. After he went swimming, his friends had eaten already.

ex. By the time I watched Game of Thrones, my friends had (already) watched it twice.

ex. After I came to the office, my boss had left. 

past perfect continuous – actions that had been happening up to the time you’re thinking about/may or may not continue after

  had + been + verb -ing 

ex. I had been working for 6 hours before she came home from work.

ex. He had been playing the piano for 20 minutes before his father called him on the phone.

ex. When I arrived, he had been cooking for 20 minutes.

*Keywords: by the time/when

ex. Before I came to the office, my boss had been writing the price quotes.

ex. By the time I went to the restaurant the chef had been cooking for 1 hour.